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Displasia coxofemoral

Displasia coxofemoral en el Perro

La displasia coxofemoral es una enfermedad hereditaria y congénita que afecta la cadera de los perros.

Etiología (Causas)

La displasia consiste en una mala colocación de la cabeza femoral con respecto al acetábulo, de manera que la extremidad, en el apoyo, tiende a producir una tensión mayor de lo normal en la cápsula articular de la cadera del perro y la luxación de la cabeza femoral respecto al acetábulo.

La displasia produce dolor en la articulación e inflamación. Con el tiempo, esta articulación degenera en una artrosis.

Produce en el perro una debilidad de las extremidades posteriores, ondulación de la parte posterior, dificultad al levantarse y al subir las escaleras.

Diagnóstico

El diagnóstico definitivo se realiza por medio de exámenes radiográficos a partir de los 6 meses de edad, este enfermedad se manifiesta con mayor frecuencia en Ovejero Alemán, Ovejero Belga, Labrador Retriever, Golden retriever, Rottweiler, Collie y Viejo Pastor Inglés.

Sintomatología

El cuadro típico comprende una claudicación que suele ser peor durante la mañana. La cojera se agrava los días fríos, húmedos y lluviosos, y después de un ejercicio forzado pueden exacerbarse los signos, como sucede en los saltos forzados en los entrenamientos para obediencia.

Muchos de estos perros se sientan y evitan los movimientos, incluso durante un paseo tranquilo con el propietario.
Muchos dudan subir una escalera o se niegan a saltar peldaños, gran número de estos ejemplares no bajan escaleras o muestran pocos deseos de hacerlo y muchos tienden a dormir sobre pisos de cemento frío, en lo posible.
Segun la gravedad se la califica en grado 1, 2, y 3, siendo la de grado 3 la más grave.

Tratamiento

El tratamiento es quirúrgico o paliativo, según el caso, donde se utilizan regeneradores osteoarticulares y analgésicos de última generación, que producen una recuperación parcial o detienen la progresión de la enfermedad y calman el dolor, medicando al animal durante toda su vida con muy buenos resultados.

Normal

Grado 2

Grado 1

Grado 3

Bibliografía

Foto de Michael Dziedzic en Unsplash

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